Case Study A Day At The End Of Chapter 1 Essay - 1391 Words

DPM 101 Assignment 1- Case study analysis - 40% of final mark 1. Read the case, A Day in the Life, at the end of Chapter 1 of your recommended textbook. 2. Provide your view, with reference to what you’ve read about project management so far, on the following: †¢ How effective do you think Rachel is as a project manager given the evidence of the case study? Give reasons for your answer. †¢ How does Rachel’s day fit with your understanding of what project management is all about? Give reasons for your answer. †¢ What would you do differently? Give reasons for your answer. Project managers always have been challenged to produce results, but the modern day project manager must produce them in a timely manner without compromising technological and social changes. The project manager needs to anticipate change and set aggressive, forward-thinking objectives in order to make changes occur to be controlled in their environment. After reading the case study it appears that Rachel is a proactive professional with some experience and is head strong about her project. After the first read it would seem that Rachel is more involved in socialising and time wasting. I read the article 3 times to understand what is required of Rachel in her position. One has to understand how her day unfolds and there are things that she did which are not time specific in the article. The following findings were made about Rachel’s day activities after reading â€Å"A Day In The Life†; TIME TIME SPENDShow MoreRelatedSales1712 Words   |  7 Pagesis not simply concerned with sales and profit maximization. In fact depending upon the type or stage of demand the marketing task would differ. The study is based on sales and distribution techniques with a special ref. of L.G. electronic product. 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Most often than not, entrepreneurs and investors engage in new ventures overly optimistic while according little if not a non-existent attention to potential signals of loomingRead MoreSyllabus: Corporate Finance and Business Journal/newspaper Article1123 Words   |  5 Pagesadjusted return, opportunity cost of capital, capital budgeting and planning, company valuation and Mamp;A. At the end of this course students will understand how to apply these concepts to financing decisions that will impact the valuation of the firm. This course is geared to Post-baccalaureate Business Certificate and Professional Masters Programs students who want to learn (1) common finance tools and methods and (2) the role of corporate finance in strategic decisions made by financial andRead MoreCase Study 2: Southwestern University a (Pp. 94-95).1037 Words   |  5 PagesOperations Analysis Week 7 Case Study 2:   Southwestern University A (pp. 94-95). See the Case Studies Assignment Rubric in Doc Sharing for assignment details. * Complete the  three questions at the end of the case on page 95.   Case Studies Southwestern University: (A)* Southwestern University (SWU), a large state college in Stephenville, Texas, 30 miles southwest of the Dallas/Fort Worth metroplex, enrolls close to 20,000 students. In a typical town-gown relationship, the school isRead MoreCase Study : Supply Chain Management1028 Words   |  5 PagesSUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT IN RETIAL INDUSTRY: CONCEPTS, STRATEGIES AND WALMART CASE STUDY Mian Wang CID: 01090728 Imperial College Business School, MSc Management ABSTRACT With the rapid increase of operation cost and fast development of E-commence in today’s retail industry, traditional operation management models are antiquated. Companies attempt to enhance competitive capacity through management innovation, and an increasing amount of attention is paid to their supply chain management forRead MoreNotes On Mergers And Acquisitions1705 Words   |  7 PagesTable 1-1 shows the summary of mergers and acquisitions activities in Malaysia for the year of 2011 and 2012. Based on the table, there is an increment of transaction value (in US$m) for both announced and completed mergers and acquisitions in Malaysia. The value of announced mergers and acquisition increase 20.14% from year 2011 to 2012. While the value of completed mergers and acquisitions in Malaysia increase about 48% from year 2011 to 2012. Based on table 1-1, although not all the announcedRead MoreThe Criminal Justice System : An Introduction1652 Words   |  7 Pagesis to focus on the everyday events which occur from the discovery of an offence until such time when the case comes to a natural conclusion. Furthermore it gives a brief overview of the different constituent parts of the criminal justice system and key processes and practitioners involved in it with more detail being offered in later chapters. Included in the book are two introductory chapters offering the reader a definition of the term criminal justice – â€Å"the chain of events, activities, tasks

How to Identify Language Deficits, Delays and Disorders

Language deficits are problems with age-appropriate reading, spelling, and writing. The language disorder that comes most readily to mind is dyslexia, which is a difficulty in learning to read. But many students who have problems with reading have spoken language problems as well, and for that reason, language deficits or language disorders are the more inclusive ways to speak about these issues. Where Language Disorders Come From Language disorders are rooted in the brains development and are often present at birth. Many language disorders are hereditary. Language deficits do not reflect intelligence. In fact, many students with language deficits are of average or above-average intelligence. How Teachers Spot a Language Deficit For teachers, spotting language deficits in students is the first step in addressing issues that can impact the way these children function in the classroom and at home. Without proper intervention, these children will often be at a significant disadvantage. Use this list of common symptoms to help identify children who may be subject to language delays. Then, follow up with parents and professionals such as a speech-language pathologist. The student has difficulty expressing ideas clearly. Her answers can be vague and difficult to understand. He may have trouble remembering a word in conversations, and use placeholders like um or uh in excess.Learning new vocabulary from reading or from lecturing is difficult.  Understanding questions and following spoken or written directions is a challenge.Child has trouble recalling numbers in sequence, such as telephone numbers.Comprehension of written or spoken stories or lessons is weak, and little is retained.  The students reading comprehension is poor.  Child has difficulty remembering the words to songs and rhymes.Directionality: Can the child easily tell left from right?Difficulty learning letters and numbers, and the sounds that correspond to letters.The student often mixes up the order of letters in words while writing.Child has difficulty distinguishing between foreground and background noise. How Language Disorders are Diagnosed If a teacher suspects that a student is exhibiting language deficits, its important to support that child early, as the gaps in learning will only increase over time. The teacher and parents or caregivers should meet with a speech-language pathologist, who can evaluate spoken and written language ability.   Common Language-Based Disorders Dyslexia, or difficulty learning to read, is only one of the more common language-based disorders that teachers may encounter. Others include: Auditory Processing Disorder: Children may not be able to distinguish different sounds, and may have difficulty filtering out background noises.Dysgraphia: Affects writing and fine motor coordination.Language Processing Disorder: Students have difficulty attaching meaning to the sounds of language. Distinguished from ADP as it only pertains to the sounds of words and sentences.Non-Verbal Learning Disabilities: These are characterized by strong discrepancies between verbal skills and motor, spatial, or social skills, as may be seen in autistic children previously known as Aspergers.

Analysis of “the Chrysanthemums” Free Essays

In the world created by John Steinback, in the story of â€Å"The Chrysanthemums†, being an intelligent girl whose accepted into the society is a hard task. Elisa is caught up in all the household work while not being able to enjoy any of the outside world. She’s shown to have the life and struggles of a typical house wife, who is passive and not strong enough, lacking the attributes it takes to step out of her comfort zone and take responsibility and action to make herself content. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of â€Å"the Chrysanthemums† or any similar topic only for you Order Now The setting sets the mood of the story, as the fog represents her being unable to clearly see the realities of life. The author does a great job of keeping the narration somewhat discreet, which keeps the reader thinking, and let’s us figure out the motivations of the characters ourselves. When Elisa and Henry are first introduced, their relationship seems friendly but lacking love and passion. The way they compare their work, her garden and his business, and how they go about their daily routines makes them seem like friends or business partners, but not much more. This reminds me of â€Å"The Painted Door† by Sinclair Ross, in which Ann and John live in a passionless isolation on their farm. I noticed the use of literary devices such as similes to enhance the story; for example, â€Å"like a fawning dog. † I also noticed that Elisa’s bulky and restrictive clothing was a metaphor for her true desires and personality being suppressed, as a woman. The theme of gender inequality is present, and can specifically be seen in the conversation Elisa has with the man from the wagon, in which he says the life he lives is not for a woman. I also noticed the author employed symbolism to enhance this message through the chrysanthemums. The chrysanthemums could be seen as a symbol for women, in that they are pleasant to look at, yet when they are offered up for a purpose, they are often rejected, as the chrysanthemums were. More specifically, the flowers symbolize Elisa, in that they are strong and beautiful, but also face rejection as she does. I think the author’s purpose of writing this story is to say that the unfair treatment of women is a prevalent and existing issue that needs to be addressed. In evaluation, the story was quite effective, as it got to the point clearly, concisely, and quickly, while portraying a strong and meaningful message. How to cite Analysis of â€Å"the Chrysanthemums†, Papers

Patients Bill of Rights Essay Example For Students

Patient?s Bill of Rights Essay The basic rights of human beings, such as concern for personal dignity, are always of great importance. During illness, however, these rights are extremely vital and must be protected. Therefore, healthcare providers should make an effort to assure that these rights are preserved for their patients. Likewise, health care providers have the right to expect reasonable and responsible behavior on the part of our patients, their relatives, and friends. This is where the patients bill of rights comes into play. The Patients Bill of Rights was first adopted by the American Hospital Association (AHA) in 1973 and revised in October 1992. Patient rights were developed with the expectation that it would contribute to more effective patient care. It aids the patients and their families to understand their rights and responsibilities (Edge et al, 1998). In theory, once one understood the right, one should be able to reason out the correlative obligations. Below are two obligations to each of the items found in the patients bill of rights. Respect and Dignity. 1. Respect the dignity of the patient by being considerate and caring 2. Do not discriminate based on sex, race or religion, etc. Identity 1. Hospital staff should wear name badges to identify themselves. 2. Staff members should introduce themselves to you and describe their roles before care is given. Participation in Treatment Decisions 1. Provide the patients with their treatment option 2. Allow the patient to participate in the treatment options available Advanced Directive 1. Advice patients of their rights to make informed medical choices, ask if the patient has an advance directive. 2. Honor the wishes of the patient as stated in his/her directive as permitted by law and hospital policy. Privacy 1. Do not disclose information about the patients case to others without first obtaining written consent. 2. Avoid discussions about patients in public areas such as hallways andelevators Confidentiality 1. Protect the confidentiality of the patients information and records by storing them in a safe and secure place 2. Avoid discussing personal information with others without the signed consent of the patient. Review of Records 1. On request, allow the patient access to their medical record. 2. Identify the person making the request to ensure that the information is not mistakenly disclosed to another individual. Request and Transfers 1. Provide prompt response to any request providing the request is appropriate. 2. Transfer patient to another facility upon request providing receiving facility accepts patient. 9. Institution Affiliations 1. Inform patient of other health care and educational institutions that the hospital has authorized to participate in the patients treatment. 2. Upon request, provide information on business hospital does business with if it pertains to patient care (medical supplies etc) Consent 1. Provide easily understood information necessary to give informed consent prior to the start of any procedure or treatment. 2. Inform patient of any experimental or other research/educational projects that may be used in his or her treatment. If patient refuses care, inform them of the consequences. 11. Continuity of Care 1. Provide patient with appointment times to see physician after release from medical facilities (hospitals, clinics) 2. Provide treatment plan for patient to follow after discharge. Information 1. Provide accurate and easily understood information about your health plan, health care professionals, and health care facilities. 2. Provide an explanation of patients bill for services rendered. Which of the included patients rights are currently provided in the sanction of law? To the best of my knowledge, the AHA Patients Bill of Rights are not sanctioned in law, they are ethical standards, but not law. The AHA says this: Health care institutions, by virtue of their roles as health care providers, employers, and community health resources, have special responsibilities for ethical conduct and ethical practices that go beyond meeting minimum legal and regulatory standards. Their broad range of patient care, education, public health, social service, and business functions is essential to the health and well being of their communities. These roles and functions demand that health care organizations conduct themselves in an ethical manner that emphasizes a basic community service orientation and justifies the public trust. .u0664f0d388937a26d78df6e6ea683d88 , .u0664f0d388937a26d78df6e6ea683d88 .postImageUrl , .u0664f0d388937a26d78df6e6ea683d88 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0664f0d388937a26d78df6e6ea683d88 , .u0664f0d388937a26d78df6e6ea683d88:hover , .u0664f0d388937a26d78df6e6ea683d88:visited , .u0664f0d388937a26d78df6e6ea683d88:active { border:0!important; } .u0664f0d388937a26d78df6e6ea683d88 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0664f0d388937a26d78df6e6ea683d88 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0664f0d388937a26d78df6e6ea683d88:active , .u0664f0d388937a26d78df6e6ea683d88:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0664f0d388937a26d78df6e6ea683d88 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0664f0d388937a26d78df6e6ea683d88 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0664f0d388937a26d78df6e6ea683d88 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0664f0d388937a26d78df6e6ea683d88 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0664f0d388937a26d78df6e6ea683d88:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0664f0d388937a26d78df6e6ea683d88 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0664f0d388937a26d78df6e6ea683d88 .u0664f0d388937a26d78df6e6ea683d88-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0664f0d388937a26d78df6e6ea683d88:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Career Goals Essay The health care institutions mission and values should be embodied in all its programs, services, and activities (Ethical Conduct for Health Care Institutions, 1992). So although the patient can sue for malpractice, it will be based on laws related to the ethical principles, but not the Ethical .

Portfolios And Standardized Tests - Pros And Cons Essays

Portfolios And Standardized Tests - Pros And Cons Portfolios and standardized tests are two types of ways teachers can assess their students. There are many advantages and disadvantages to both assessments. Right now, whether teachers agree with standardized tests or not, all teachers have to give them to their students. Portfolios on the other hand, are not required in a classroom, because it is not a required assessment for all teachers to use. Portfolios are folders that hold students works in any or all subjects that teachers choose to use them for. They hold all different types of work a student creates. It has A work to work that needs more improvement on inside the folders. The students choose what goes in their portfolio, not the teacher. Standardized tests are tests administered to each student at the same time. They have a time limit to them and their test scores are based on the norm. Much of school-based assessment does actually prevent students from becoming thoughtful respondents to, and to be able to judge their own work. Portfolios help students learn to assess their own progress as learners, and teachers gain new views of their accomplishments in teaching. They also give students responsibility for taking the lead in evaluating their own work, enlarging the view of what is learned, a place for process and a developmental point of view. Some important things that matter when dealing with portfolios is a student's performance on the kind of skills that appear on tests, that first-draft work is good enough and achievement matters to the exclusion of development. There are centrally two aims that teachers have for student portfolios. The first is to design ways of evaluating student learning that, will be essentially providing information to teachers and school systems, it will also model personal responsibility in questioning and reflecting on one's own work. The second is to find ways of capturing growth over time so that students can become informed and thoughtful assessors of their own histories as learners. What teachers have students do is at the end of the school year, is let the student go back inside their portfolio and reflect on their own work. The students return to their portfolios or collections of work, and see what has changed from the beginning of the school year or what still remains to be done or worked on. This gives students a responsibility, because they are responsible for evaluating their own work. Authentic or performance assessments do provide opportunities for students and teachers to learn, often together, about the standards of good work with respect to more valued outcomes. Each student is often incorporated in as an active agent in the evaluative process, not as an object to be evaluated. The portfolio activity is a process of production, perception, selection, and reflection that is exercised by each student over his or her collections of school work. Portfolios even provide a school district with a level of achievement. Portfolios are profoundly important to children. All children have a natural ability and desire to tell a story through the contents of the portfolio. Student portfolios tell a story. The real contents of a portfolio are the child's thoughts and his or her reasons for selecting a particular entry. That selection process reflects the interests and the metacognitive maturity of a child and the inspiration and influence offered by the teachers. Portfolios serve as a metaphor for our continued belief in the idea that children can play a major role in the assessment scene of their own learning. Using an authentic assessment tool could provide a more realistic picture of each student's individual subject achievement and progress by demonstrating growth and development over a period of time, involving students in assessing their own growth and reflecting many aspects of students area of knowledge and understanding. Portfolios provide teachers with information about students' progress, thought processes, achievements and needs. They should accommodate teachers' and students' individual needs, while allowing students to take an active role in assessing their work and encouraging them to take responsibility for their own learning. Students should begin to set goals for themselves and check their progress toward reaching these goals. This will help promote self-esteem. Students and teachers

Did You Know You Can Delete ACT Scores How to Do It

Did You Know You Can Delete ACT Scores How to Do It SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Did you know it’s possible to totally delete a set of ACT scores you don’t like? Poof - just like that. A bad set of ACT scores can vanish. This isn't a well known fact, and in fact we were surprised to discover it ourselves. But it has big implications for how you test, especially if you're afraid of taking the test too many times because it'll look bad to colleges. We will explain how to delete ACT scores and discuss in which circumstances it might make sense. Read on for an exclusive guide to getting rid of bad ACT scores. What Does Deleting an ACT Test Score Do? Deleting a test record means you are completely erasing the scores from a particular test date. This includes both the overall composite score and the individual section scores. (For more on ACT scoring, see our post.) If you do this, those scores will be permanently deleted and you will never see them again. You also won’t get a refund for that test date. This is different from canceling scores – canceling stops the ACT from grading a particular test (students usually do this if they get sick or really struggle on test day). This means the scores never even exist because the test was never graded. For scores to be deleted, the test obviously has to be graded and scored first. We'll talk about some reasons students might delete an ACT test record below. Why Would You Delete an ACT Test Record? Basically, if you have an ACT score you’re unhappy with and don’t want colleges to see, you can delete it. Again, keep in mind you’re forfeiting the money you spent to get that score if you do this. This gets you around the requirement some colleges have to send all of your existing standardized test scores. For example, both Stanford and Yale require applicants to send all scores they have from the ACT or SAT. â€Å"Official scores from all test dates must be sent to Stanford directly from the ACT or the College Board (the reporting agency for the SAT) or both if the applicant has taken the ACT and the SAT. Applicants may not use the College Board's Score Choice feature or "hide" any scores with either testing agency," says Stanford on their admissions site. â€Å"You must report the scores of all of the SATs and any SAT Subject Tests you have taken, or all of the ACTs and ACT Writing Tests that you’ve taken," says Yale. However, if you delete an ACT score, it will no longer exist – making it impossible to send. I spoke with someone at the ACT who confirmed that colleges will not see scores you have deleted. Is this a bit of a sneaky workaround? Maybe. But if the ACT gives you the option to delete your test scores, there is nothing wrong with your using that service. By accepting the ACT as a standardized test, colleges have to also accept the ACT’s score policies, including score deletion. ACT Test Scores You Can't Delete Even though deleting ACT scores is possible in some cases, keep the following exceptions in mind. First, you can’t delete every possibleACT score you have. Specifically, you can’t delete scores associated with state or district tests. This is because those scores aren’t just for you, they’re used to evaluate your school and district. Furthermore, if you take the ACT as part of district testing, you didn’t pay for it. The ACT says students have the right to delete their scores because â€Å"students own their test scores.† In short, deleting only applies to testing that you paid for. A map showing the states that use the ACT as part of their testing. Image via ACT State Services. Second, deleting a test record won’t do anything about scores that have already been sent to colleges. So if you had your scores sent to colleges right after you took the ACT, you can't get those reports back. In fact, we recommend that you not send those four free score reports that come with your ACT registration because they’re sent before you know your score, which is pretty risky. Should You Delete Your ACT Scores? Don’t delete a test record before you’re sure of a few things. You don't want to act too quickly and completely lose a test record forever before you're positive you want it deleted. First, Where Are You Applying? Some schools, for example MIT, don’t require applicants to send all of their scores. â€Å"Students are free to use the College Board's Score Choice option and the ACT's option to submit the scores of your choice as well," they say on their admissions site. Harvard has the same policy: â€Å"You are free to use the College Board Score Choice option or the similar option offered by the ACT.† If you are only applying to schools that allow you to use score choice – or in other words to only send your best scores – you don’t have to worry about deleting bad ACT scores. To see if a school allows score choice, search for the â€Å"Standardized Testing† page on their application website. Schools will specify there if they want all of your scores or if they’ll let you use score choice. If the info isn't on the standardized testing page, check the Frequently Asked Questions. Also stay tuned for our post about which schools require all scores. Second, How Low is Low? In case you are applying to schools that require you to submit all scores, or even if you have a score you don’t think you would send if you had the choice, you should decide if that score is really too low to keep. See our guide to good, bad, and excellent ACT scores to see if the score you’re worried about is in range for your target schools. Don’t delete a score unless you’re positive it’s bad. This is especially true if your composite was lower than you wanted, but you had some high section scores. It’s possible that on a retake you could get a higher composite but have certain section scores go down, and you might want colleges to see those high section scores. For example, say your first ACT composite was a 26 but you had a 34 on the Math section. If you retake the ACT and get to a 32 composite but your math score is 30 the second time around, you would lose that high math score. Think carefully before deleting a set of ACT scores with any high section scores. Third, Don't Delete Your Score Too Quickly Do not delete your ACT score until you already have achieved a higher score on a retake. If you delete your score before you retake the ACT, what happens if you get an even lower score on the retake? Then you have lost your higher score and can’t get it back. The best case then would be to retake the ACT a third time, costing you more time and money. There is no rush on deleting your scores, so focus on retaking the ACT and getting a higher score before you worry about deleting a low score. Patience isn't only a virtue... it can save you time and money. Fourth, When Did You Take the ACT? If you took the ACT for a talent competition or other program in middle school or earlier, you don't have to delete those scores, even if they’re super low. Colleges are only concerned with standardized testing you took while in high school. If anything, participation in early talent programs will look good on college applications, so you have no need to delete a score from an ACT back in middle school. So How Do You Actually Delete an ACT Record? To delete a test record, you simply have to submit a written request to ACT. Provide your name and home address and state you wish to delete a test record. Mail the request to: ACT Institutional Services P.O. Box 168 Iowa City, IA 52243-0168 USA ACT will then mail you a form to complete and return. After you submit the form, the test record will then be permanently deleted from ACT’s records. There is no additional cost for this – however, you are forfeiting whatever you paid to take the ACT on that test date. What’s Next? Have an ACT score you’re not proud of? We have resources to help you prepare to knock your retake out of the park. Start by reading a guide to a perfect ACT score by our 36 full-scorer. Even if you're not going for a perfect score, these study principles can help you make the improvements you need to get a higher ACT score. Get strategies for reading ACT science passages, concepts you need to master ACT English, and learn how to stop running out of time on ACT Math. We recommend taking at least one full-length, strictly-timed ACT practice test to get used to the test format and build your stamina. Get links to free, official tests here. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes your prep program to your strengths and weaknesses. We also have expert instructors who can grade every one of your practice ACT essays, giving feedback on how to improve your score. Check out our 5-day free trial:

The implications of downsizing (rightsizing) to the employees, Research Paper

The implications of downsizing (rightsizing) to the employees, communities, and families of the employees - Research Paper Example Downsizing can have many implications on employees, their families as well as the communities in which rightsizing organizations operate. The impacts on employees may include loss of morale, financial loss and emotional and psychological stress among other effects. Similarly, their families are bound to suffer a reduction in standards of living and may also be subjected to psychological torture in the period that their bread winners remain jobless. Downsizing can also negatively impact on societies in which they operate. Through massive layoffs, the living standards in the societies decline and robbery may take lead in communities which are deficient of job opportunities. Irrespective of the motives, corporate downsizing may yield considerable consequences on the superficial corporate social responsibility of any organization. This paper explores the implications of downsizing on employees, their families and communities. How Downsizing (Rightsizing) Affect Employees Downsizing is a practice that has become synonymous with contemporary organizations. The experience of working in an environment with high likelihood of redundancy and seeing co-employees leave an organization has become part and parcel of workers. Downsizing in organizations makes employees to feel anxious. It affects the morale and also threatens the welfare of employees in numerous ways. In most occasions, employees may perceive the organization as unfair and behaving in unwarranted manner. Besides affecting the morale of employees, downsizing also thwarts trust, employee commitment, loyalty and performance. According to Redman and Wilkinson (2001), downsizing causes â€Å"downsizing syndrome† on survivors. It also imposes psychological impacts on leaving employees. i. Downsizing Implications On The Morale Of Employees Employee morale is a crucial determinant of organizational performance. In the event of downsizing, both surviving employees and downsizing victims tend to exhibit low work morale. Downsizing creates adverse emotions among remaining workers who feel withdrawn from executing their organizational duties. Moreover, surviving employees usually feel irritated, grief, betrayal and are psychologically estranged from their organization. Despite the fact that employees usually struggle to perform better in order to retain their jobs after downsizing, their attempt is usually compelled and not out of free will. Surviving employees are always ready to try new approaches to task execution. With few employees increasing, work burden increases and so does the stress level for employees. Consequently, a downsizing organization may fail to realize it anticipated better performance because of deteriorating morale of employees. In some cases, downsizing might even lead to protest and rampant absenteeism among employees, who feel uncertain as to what might become of them in the near future. The loss of longtime workmates and close friends adversely affect both leaving a nd surviving employees. The idea of separation flattens the morale of remaining employees, which in turn lowers the performance level. It is quite obvious that employees are bound to loss morale in the event of downsizing. Therefore, organizations should be ethical enough to mitigate the impact of downsizing on employees by ensuring adequate